\uff0d\u3000\u6587\u732e\u540d\u3000\uff0d\u2028\u2460 Paul W. Franks, Ph.D., Robert L. Hanson, M.D., M.P.H., William C. Knowler, M.D., Dr.P.H., Maurice L. Sievers, M.D., Peter H. Bennett, M.B., F.R.C.P., and Helen C. Looker, M.B., B.S., \u2028Childhood Obesity, Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Premature Death, \u2028N Engl J Med 362;6 nejm.org February 11, 2010
\n\u2461 Janet James, Peter Thomas, David Cavan, David Kerr, Preventing childhood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: cluster randomised controlled trial, BMJ. 2004 May 22; 328(7450): 1236.
\n\u2028\u3000\uff0d\u3000\u3053\u306e\u6587\u732e\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3060\u80cc\u666f\u3000\uff0d\u2028\u4e0a\u5ddd\u753a\u306e\u4fdd\u5065\u5e2b\u3055\u3093\u3068\u306e\u5b9a\u4f8b\u4f1a\u8b70\u3067\u5c0f\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u80a5\u6e80\u304c\u8a71\u984c\u306b\u306a\u308a\uff0c\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u652f\u90e8\u306e\u5730\u65b9\u4f1a\u3067\u3082\u5225\u6d77\u753a\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5c0f\u5150\u306e\u80a5\u6e80\u5bfe\u7b56\u306e\u767a\u8868\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u5c0f\u5150\u671f\u306e\u80a5\u6e80\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u81ea\u5206\u306a\u308a\u306b\u8abf\u3079\u3066\u307f\u305f\uff0e\u307e\u305a\uff0c\u5c0f\u5150\u671f\u306e\u80a5\u6e80\u304c\u4ecb\u5165\u3059\u3079\u304d\u554f\u984c\u306a\u306e\u304b\uff1f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3068\uff0c\u4ecb\u5165\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u7565\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3092\u8abf\u3079\u3066\u307f\u305f\uff0e\u7814\u7a76\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u4eca\u56de\u306f2\u3064\u306e\u6587\u732e\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u305f\uff0e
\n\u2028\u3000\uff0d\u3000\u8981\u7d04\u3000\uff0d\u2028\u2460 Childhood Obesity, Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Premature Death
\nBACKGROUND\u2028The effect of childhood risk factors for cardiovascular disease on adult mortality is poorly understood.<\/p>\n
METHODS\u2028In a cohort of 4857 American Indian children without diabetes (mean age, 11.3 years; 12,659 examinations) who were born between 1945 and 1984, we assessed whether body-mass index (BMI), glucose tolerance, and blood pressure and cholesterol levels predicted premature death. Risk factors were standardized according to sex and age. Proportional-hazards models were used to assess whether each risk factor was associated with time to death occurring before 55 years of age. Models were adjusted for baseline age, sex, birth cohort, and Pima or Tohono O’odham Indian heritage.<\/p>\n
RESULTS\u2028There were 166 deaths from endogenous causes (3.4% of the cohort) during a median follow-up period of 23.9 years. Rates of death from endogenous causes among children in the highest quartile of BMI were more than double those among children in the lowest BMI quartile (incidence-rate ratio, 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46 to 3.62). Rates of death from endogenous causes among children in the highest quartile of glucose intolerance were 73% higher than those among children in the lowest quartile (incidence-rate ratio, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.74). No significant associations were seen between rates of death from endogenous or external causes and childhood cholesterol levels or systolic or diastolic blood-pressure levels on a continuous scale, although childhood hypertension was significantly associated with premature death from endogenous causes (incidence-rate ratio, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.24).<\/p>\n
CONCLUSIONS\u2028Obesity, glucose intolerance, and hypertension in childhood were strongly associated with increased rates of premature death from endogenous causes in this population. In contrast, childhood hypercholesterolemia was not a major predictor of premature death from endogenous causes.<\/p>\n
\u2028\u2461 Preventing childhood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: cluster randomised controlled trial
\nOBJECTIVE\u2028To determine if a school based educational programme aimed at reducing consumption of carbonated drinks can prevent excessive weight gain in children.<\/p>\n
DESIGN\u2028Cluster randomised controlled trial.<\/p>\n
SETTING\u2028Six primary schools in southwest England.<\/p>\n
PARTICIPANTS
\n644 children aged 7-11 years.<\/p>\n
INTERVENTION\u2028Focused educational programme on nutrition over one school year.<\/p>\n
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES\u2028Drink consumption and number of overweight and obese children.<\/p>\n
RESULTS\u2028Consumption of carbonated drinks over three days decreased by 0.6 glasses (average glass size 250 ml) in the intervention group but increased by 0.2 glasses in the control group (mean difference 0.7, 95% confidence interval 0.1 to 1.3). At 12 months the percentage of overweight and obese children\u2028increased in the control group by 7.5%, compared with a decrease in the intervention group of 0.2% (mean difference 7.7%, 2.2% to 13.1%).<\/p>\n
CONCLUSION\u2028A targeted, school based education programme produced a modest reduction in the number of carbonated drinks consumed, which was associated with a reduction in the number of overweight and obese children.\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u3000\uff0d\u3000\u8003\u5bdf\u3068\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3000\uff0d
\n\u2460\u306e\u6587\u732e\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u5bfe\u8c61\u304c\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b3\u30db\u30fc\u30c8\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u4e00\u6982\u306b\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u306e\u5c0f\u5150\u306b\u9069\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u304c\uff0c\u4eba\u7a2e\u306e\u7cfb\u7d71\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u8fd1\u3044\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u5c0f\u5150\u671f\u306e\u80a5\u6e80\u306f\u4ecb\u5165\u3059\u3079\u304d\u554f\u984c\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\uff0e\u2461\u306e\u6587\u732e\u306f\uff0c\u30d5\u30a7\u30ed\u30fc\u3067\u884c\u3046\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u30d2\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u306a\u308a\u305d\u3046\u306a\u7814\u7a76\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\uff0c\u5730\u57df\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u30b1\u30a2\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u307f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u304f\u611f\u3058\u3089\u308c\u305f\uff0e
\n\u305d\u3053\u3067\uff0c\u5404\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\u3067\u306e\u5c0f\u5150\u671f\u306e\u80a5\u6e80\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u307f\u306a\u3069\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u5171\u6709\u3084\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3063\u305f\uff0e<\/p>\n
\u958b\u50ac\u65e5\uff1a\u5e73\u621025\u5e7412\u670818\u65e5<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"